Tewodros Tamire Abichu
Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Title: The Prevalence of MRSA among admitted patients and associated factors in Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Biography:
Abstract:
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that can cause community acquired and hospital acquired infections. Development of antimicrobial resistance has limited treatment options against infections due to this pathogen. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus and associated factors among admitted patients and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January, 2018 to January, 2019 to determine the prevalence of Meticillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus and associated risk factors Among Admitted Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Result: A total of 364 Samples from patients suspected for Hospital Acquired bacterial infections were collected using convenient sampling method. Samples were cultured for S. aureus according to standard procedures. Isolates were tested for susceptibility to panels of 18 antimicrobial agents using disc diffusion assay. Susceptibility to methicillin was phenotypically determined based on sensitivity of isolates to cefoxitin and oxacillin. A total of 218(59.6%) S. aureus isolates were recovered from patients out of the 364 involved in the study. The isolates were resistant to Cefoxitin 86 (23.6%), Clindamycin (49%), Pencillin (78.4%)), sulfometazole (42.3%), and Erythromycin (53.5%). Majority of the isolates (n=218, 59.6%) exhibited multi drug resistance. The overall burden of MRSA among the admitted patients were 23.6% (86). Duration of hospital staying length was statistically significant in the acquisitions of MRSA(Pvalue=0.02) where the mean staying length in the hospital was approximately 6 days. Conclusion: In conclusion, S. aureus isolates from patients in Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital exhibited resistance to antibiotics most commonly used for the treatment of staphylococcal infections. This calls for urgent need of prudent use of antimicrobial agents and prescription of antimicrobial agents should be based on drug susceptibility test and selection of antibiotic for prophylaxis needs careful consideration and screening of patients for MRSA carriage before admission is vital. Prescreening patients for MRSA carriage is should be vital before admission.